.... engineers and scientists, in research and development. Others work in production or inspection jobs. Industrial engineering technicians study the efficient use of personnel, materials, and machines in factories, stores, repair shops, and offices. They also prepare layouts of machinery and equipment, plan the flow of work, make statistical studies, and analyze production costs. Those in research and development build or set up equipment, prepare and conduct experiments, calculate and record results, and assist engineers in other ways. Those in manufacturing prepare specifications for materials, devise or run tests to ensure .....

.... People respond strongly to leadership expectations and rewards. If they are given little power in their jobs, they have little interest in improving them. If leaders exhort the members for better output but reward (promotions, bonuses, recognition) for mostly higher output, they get the behavior they reward. Quantity over quality has been a common management philosophy in the United States. The first step in implementing TQM requires the an upper-management change in both philosophy and behavior. Managers must adopt the objectives of customer satisfaction and continuous improvement. They must implement the change to achieve .....

.... Monetary System, which virtually collapsed in 1993, was an attempt to fix exchange rates within certain tight bands, to coordinate monetary policy between member nations and to have central banks intervene to keep exchange rates within the bands when necessary. The reasons for the collapse were myriad, but, simply put, it happened because Germany, dealing with financial problems in part arising from its reunification, refused to lower its high interest rates. This meant other European countries either had to keep their rates equally high and allow themselves to fall into recession as a result, or devalue their currency agains .....

.... it is in. For example a business which makes specialist goods, or caters to only a very small number of people, will not be able to grow beyond the capacity of that market. This means that the optimum size for a business in a market with little growth and only a small number of prospective customers would be large enough to serve as many customers as it had market share for, but small enough to ensure that they don't over produce. If there is a fairly large market for the product/service that a company is providing, then there is likely to be a large amount of competition in the market. This means that it would be fairly har .....

.... In 1981, Microsoft purchased an operating system for an Intel based 8086 chip from a small company named Seattle Computer Products and redesigned its product to sell it to license it to IBM for its new personal computer (PC) (Conigliaro1996). The redesigned product was released under the name MS DOS 1.0. IBM being a monopoly at that time in the hardware department, by allowing Microsoft to provide the operating system to its PCs, then an outside source, relinquished control of the software industry to this up-and-coming powerhouse. Microsoft retained the right to license their operating system to other manufacturers and helped spur .....

.... a consecutive twenty-four months. Welfare participants of the Welfare-to-Work program enroll in job training courses that fit their personal skills and receive help in job placement. Once they are in these jobs, the recipients’ opportunities to move up and on with their lives are infinite. The decline in the number of welfare cases show that the Welfare-to-Work program is working. According to the figures made public recently by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Louisiana is one of the most successful states. Since the instatement of the federal welfare law in 1996, Louisiana’s welfare ca .....

.... by pooling global skills and resources will result in more variations on each vehicle platform, increasing the number of vehicles introduced over the next five years by 50%. One of the key strategies behind the realignment has been growth. Ford has launched a variety of new initiatives throughout the world, with joint ventures for the assembly of vehicles in countries as diverse as China, India, Thailand and Vietnam. In China, Ford expects to begin production of light trucks with a company named Jiangling Motors in the near future. In India, Mahindra Ford India Ltd. will begin manufacture and distribution of Ford products, beginni .....

.... communism could would and should exist in the pre revolutionary way of life. Before Stalin came to power, the communist party for the most part agreed that industrialization was necessary, however different sects of the Bolsheviks were in disagreement about how this change should come about. Buhkarin, the spokesman for the right wing Bolsheviks, warned against antagonizing the peasants, for fear of losing their peasant followers, who were already low in number. However, they were never viewed as a real threat, so long as their material needs were met. Buhkarin's approach would encourage higher production with incen .....

.... and the morals and the society’s long term benefits are squeezed out. Math and computers have taken over noneconomic motives and the changes in the forces of human nature haven’t taken into account in the process of developing the scientific data. Uchitelle supports Heilbroner’s ideas with the quotes from other early philosophers: Joseph A. Schumpeter and Keynes. On the other hand, the modern economists reject these observations. N. Gregory Mankiw emphasizes the importance of objectivity. He defends the idea that positive statements, scientifically verifiable details, can objectively give measurements without the normat .....

.... did not work? Did the Government policy's (those of the congress and the federal reserve) that were in place during this time work? This is a Question that is still debated today. The opposite approach is the Keynesian thought. This school of thought would believe in a more active approach. That is the Federal Government and the Federal Reserve should play an important role in attempting to stabilize the economy by "fine-tuning", that is look for the problem, find out what is wrong and fix it. Probably the biggest test of not only our economy but also our economists was the Great Depression. During this time it seamed t .....