.... pinnacle in 1947 of the Muslim struggle for freedom in the South-Asian subcontinent, Jinnah had provided political leadership to the Indian Muslims: initially as one of the leaders, but later, since 1947, as the only prominent leader- the Quaid-i-Azam. For over thirty years, he had guided their affairs; he had given expression, coherence and direction to their legitimate aspirations and cherished dreams; he had formulated these into concrete demands; and, above all, he had striven all the while to get them conceded by both the ruling British and the numerous Hindus, the dominant segment of India's population. And for over t .....

.... dynasty, hired an architect called Imhoptep who for the first time constructed a tomb completely of stone. Imhoptep is considered the preeminent genius of the Old Kingdom. He assembled one workforce to quarry limestone at the cliff of Tura, across the Nile, another to haul the stone to the site where master carvers shaped each block and put it in place. The Step Pyramid is a terraced structure rising in six unequal stages to a height of 60 meters, its base measuring 120 meters by 108 meters. The substructure has a system of underground corridors and rooms. Its main feature being a central shaft 25 meters deep and 8 meters wide. The .....

.... estimated to have lost their lives. The report stated further, "…the total weight of the attack must be such as to produce an effect amounting to a national disaster…the target chosen should be one involving the maximum associations, both traditional and personal, for the whole population." ("Was the Bombing of Dresden Justifiable," 7) Furthermore, "The area selected should embrace the highest density of population." ("Was the Bombing of Dresden Justifiable," 7) Dresden was Germany's seventh largest city, in addition, by February 1945 refugees fleeing westward before the advancing Soviet military forces had doubled Dresden' .....

.... trade between the two countries. America also expanded trade to other countries. During the colonial period, Britain did not permit the colonies to transport any goods directly to the European continent north of Cape Finisterre. The Navigation Act also prohibited the exportation of tobacco, rice, indigo, furs and naval store to other countries except Great Britain and other colonies. American victory in the Revolutionary War ended all such restrictions and regular trading developed several countries in Europe, Asia, the Far East and Central and South America. Because of the 150-year trade history of Britain and American .....

.... The man responsible for concocting this idea is a man by the name of Robert Schuman, the French Foreign Minister from 1948 to 1953. He announced his plan in 1950, a plan which he said was " the first step in the realisation of a vision, a vision of a united Europe which would have Franco-German reconciliation at its heart." To put it simply, the Scuman Plan as it was called, would unite countries into an alliance in which all customs barriers against the trade of coal and steel would be abolished to create a commun market for these products, and at the same time, would improve relations between France and Germany if the latter .....

.... release of oxygen in the body. Sternutators caused respiratory irritation, sneezing, nausea, and vomiting. Blister agents initially cause pain in the eyes, throats, and lungs, but later cause blisters on exposed skin. Germany used various chemical agents during the war, depending on the desired effect they wished to inflict on the Allies. The primary gases used in the Great War were chlorine, phosgene, a mix of chlorine and phosgene, and mustard. Chlorine is an asphyxiating gas that causes acute bronchitis with gradual suffocation and, "those who initially survived a considerable dose generally died from pneumonia." Phosgene, anoth .....

.... Einstein's relatives in Northern city of Milan in Italy, offered help to the family. At the time Einstein was at the age of fifteen when he decided to drop-out of high school and join his family to travel to Milan. However he was expelled from school by the principal; he (the principal) said:" on the grounds that his presence in the class is disruptive and affects the other students." Albert Einstein had become a dropout. In Italy he felt free for the first time. With nobody to guide every step of his daily life, he traveled through the countryside. He visited museums and art galleries, attended concerts and lectu .....

.... criminal cases; an accused person was considered innocent until proven guilty and was guaranteed counsel. Most of these ideas were used after the ratification of the United State’s Constitution. During the Consulate, Napoleon Bonaparte carried through a series of reforms that were begun during the Revolution. He established the Bank of France, which has continued to function, more or less unchanged, up to the present time. As an independent national bank, and as the agent of the French government for currency, public loans, and the deposit of public funds. The present highly centralized, uniform, non-religious, controlled Fre .....

.... of pitch transforms it into something new. To emphasize the pitch fluctuation, three different kinds of flutes were played. Because of the pitch variation in this piece, there were many melodies to follow. In a way, the music sounded like sound effects to a horror flick. For example, the tone color of the piece would be nice and calm then all of a sudden the percussion would contribute a crashing sound and disturb the quiet. Towards the end of the piece, the musicians tapped their instruments to add to the eerie atmosphere. In comparison to Notturno, Martino’s Trio (the first piece played) still produced th .....

.... British taking care of their taxation. They did not want taxation without representation. The Townshend Revenue acts of 1767 were another justification for the Americans’ rebellion. This taxed imported goods, such as paper, glass, paint and tea. The Americans felt again that their rights were being dishonored. The Colonies lead by the Massachusetts assembly tried to figure out ways to get around the Townshend Acts. The Americans surely refused when asked, by the parliament to revoke the circular letter passed by the Massachusetts assembly. This created more unity among the colonies, which added to the Acts .....