.... finishes with a formal instruction that “this decree, engraved on a tablet of hard stone, in three scripts, hieroglyphic, demotic and Greek, shall be engraved in each of the great temples of Egypt”. The honor of deciphering the hieroglyphs fell to two scholars, the Englishman Thomas Young and the Frenchman Francois Champollion who started work on it almost the same time and who were to see their efforts crowned by success. What Young achieved by instinct Champollion achieved by scientific method and with such success that by his death in 1832 he could leave behind him a grammar and a very substantial dictionary of ancient Egyp .....

.... “The British Empire was erected on the then-popular theory of mercantilism, which held that colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country.” (Bailey 92) The Mercantile system was certainly not a new idea, it was already used by French and Spanish as a way of profiting more from their colonies. The Mercantile system was a way of ensuring that England exported more than it imported. The colonies would supply the raw materials and to England, which would turn them in to finished goods, and export them. The colonies would also furnish products needed by the British, and buy British goods instead of those from other c .....

.... one of many immigrants who earlier had fought for freedom in Europe and then joined Lincoln's army. Born in Upper Silesia and trained at Dresden, Germany, he was a veteran of democratic struggles - a Polish revolt at Krakow, the Polish Legion's battles against Austria, and the Hungarian fight for independence. Some nationalities contributed more than their share of Union soldiers. Some immigrants earned the Congressional Medal of Honor. Italian American officer Louis di Cesnola, was the Colonel of the 4th Cavalry Regiment. At Aldie, Virginia, in 1863, he earned the Medal of Honor and was appointed a general. He charged u .....

.... Smith referred to Jamestown as “a misery, a ruin, a death, a hell,” then the colony started producing and exporting tobacco. King James’ comment to this was, “no one can build a colony on smoke,” but Jamestown did. In 1640, Jamestown began to export three million pounds of tobacco to England annually. This number grew considerably in 1660, when Jamestown was exporting over ten million pounds to England annually. To cultivate these tobacco crops the Chesapeake Bay colonist utilized slave labor, and the use of indentured servants. The use of indentured servants soon died out when Virginia, forbid the whipping of whi .....

.... the “ravages” of the Black Death in the city (Drabble 113). The Decameron is a collection of tales that were “assembled in their definitive form” sometime between 1349 and 1351 (Drabble 260). In his “The Disease of All Diseases” James Fenton describes his assertions on Boccaccio’ s Decameron. Fenton is astonished at the knowledge that Boccaccio presents about this plague: “What he does know, although he doesn’t quite put it like this, is that the bacterium mutated in the course of its progress…. The next source of horror was its speed – three days or less between the onset of symptoms and death (48).” F .....

.... not going to be a matter decided on by one quick and decisive battle. The battle of Bunker Hill was not just an event that happened overnight. The battle was the result of struggle and hostility between Great Britain and the colonies for many years. Many of the oppressive feelings came as a result of British laws and restrictions placed on them. It would not be true to say that the battle was the beginning of the fight for independence. It is necessary to see that this was not a rash decision that occurred because of one dispute, but rather that the feelings for the British had been getting worse for a long time and were finally .....

.... a saloonkeeper, placed him in St. Mary's Industrial School when George was 7. There he learned to play baseball. In 1914, through the help of one of the priests who taught at the school, Ruth began to play with the Baltimore Orioles of the International League. The Orioles' manager, Jack Dunn, paid him 600 dollars for his first season. Although Ruth later earned such nicknames as the Sultan of Swat and the Busting Bambino, he got his most famous nickname Babe on his first day of practice. A veteran coach sneered at the 6-foot-2 youngster, "Here's another one of Dunn's babes." Later in the season he w .....

.... white-collar worker explained the situation that arouse at Lenin Shipyard that morning: When I entered the Gdansk Shipyard, I could feel the tension. As usual, everyone was going to their workplace, but on each face you could see something serious was going on. When I reached the hangar of S-5, above which was my office, I noticed that all the machines were shut off even though the workers started their shift at 6:00 while we started at 6:45. The workers stood in one place talking. Someone was trying to explain to them but he was immediately drowned out with whistles and yells (Laba, 21). 1,000 workers left the shipyard and began .....

.... we do not devise some greater and more equitable system, Armageddon will be at our door." The decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japanese citizens in August, 1945, as a means to bring the long Pacific war to an end was justified-militarily, politically and morally. The goal of waging war is victory with minimum losses on one's own side and, if possible, on the enemy's side. No one disputes the fact that the Japanese military was prepared to fight to the last man to defend the home islands, and indeed had already demonstrated this determination in previous Pacific island campaigns. A weapon originally .....

.... industries, Germany already had a strong anti-Semitic background. European anti-Semitism is an outgrowth of Christianity. Since the time of the Roman Empire, Christian leaders preached boundlessly against Jews. It escalated from generation to generation, for as long a the Jews rejected Jesus as their Messiah, the Jews "challenged" the whole belief system of Christianity. The idea that it was the Jews that killed their savior also evolved from that time period. Along those lines, the notion that all Jews of forever were responsible for Jesus’ death, for they approved of the crime, would have certainly done it again (accor .....