.... studies he investigated the crystallographic, chemical, and optical properties of various forms of tartaric acid. His work laid the foundations for later study of the geometry of chemical bonds. Pasteur's investigations soon brought him recognition and also an appointment as assistant to a professor of chemistry. Pasteur received a doctor of science degree in 1847 and was appointed professor of chemistry at the University of Strasbourg. Here he met Marie Laurent, daughter of the rector of the university. They were married in 1849. Pasteur's wife shared his love for science. They had five children; three died in childhood. .....

.... one of Breuer's would have a lasting effect on Freud. Known as Anna O., this patient was a young woman suffering from what was then called hysteria. She had temporary paralysis, could not speak her native German but could speak French and English, couldn't drink water even when thirsty, and so on. Breuer discovered that if he hypnotized her, she would talk of things she did not remember in the conscious state, and afterwards her symptoms were relieved -- thus it was called "the talking cure." Freud went to Paris for further study under Jean-Martin Charcot, a neurologist known all over Europe for his studies of hysterics and use of .....

.... let Daniel Webster become a champion of American nationalism. With the Federalist Party dead, he joined the National Republican party, he joined with Westerner Henry Clay and then endorsing federal aid for roads in the West. In 1828, since Massachusettses had shifted the economic interest from shipping to manufacturing, Webster decided to back the high-tariff bill of that year to help the small new manufacturing businesses grow. Angry southern leaders condemned the tariff, and South Carolina's John C. Calhoun argued that South Carolina had the right to nullify or ignore the law. Replying to South Carolina's Robert Hayne in a Sena .....

.... Russia needed more discipline rather than liberal reform. Nicholas ordered the codification of Russian laws, reformed finances, and attempted to set limits to serfdom. He made the censorship of newspaper and all opinion even stricter than before, and set up a secret police organization with spies throughout the country. These new measures made him and his government unpopular to say the least. Nicholas’ foreign policy was directed towards the east. He increased Russian territory at the expense of Persia soon after he came to the throne. In 1828 he fought a war with Turkey and won the Eastern Shore of the Black Sea and a .....

.... early history of chemistry. Aristotle was the first person to propose the idea of atoms matter and other grand ideas. Aristotle made the first major advances in the field of philosophy of nature. He saw the universe as lying between two scales: form without matter and is at one end and matter without form is at the other end. One the most important aspects of Aristotle's philosophy was the development of potentiality to actuality. That can be explained as something possibility in terms of its accuracy. The actual state compare to the potential state is demonstrated in terms of the causes which act on things. The four causes .....

.... Hamilton hated him, Clinton soon learned to distrust him, and George Washington refused his request to be appointed minister to France. But in and out of Congress, Burr managed to maneuver so skillfully, and with so much personal charm, that he won the support of many Federalists as well as Democratic Republicans. In 1796 and 1800, Burr ran for vice-president with Thomas Jefferson on the Democratic-Republican ticket. Whatever doubts Virginia Republicans had about Burr--they had not voted for him in 1796--were put to rest when he carried New York City for his party in 1800. It was assumed that the outcome of the national ele .....

.... politics in Virginians House of Burgesses in 1769. Jefferson married Martha Skelton on New Year's Day, 1772. With the Virginia legislature from 1776 to 1779, Jefferson formed the groundwork for abolition of entail and primogeniture, for the establishment of religious freedom, and not for the public school system. Jefferson was of course the author of the Declaration of Independence, and because he had set this document in motion, he waited out the Revolutionary War to see if the colonies would win. If they had lost, Jefferson would have been hanged for treason against the King of England. He served as the minister to France .....

.... as Monet, Morisot, Renoir, Manet, and Degas himself would display their best works of art for criticism. At the Salons Degas's work, like everyone else's wasn't looked upon highly. Most people didn't realize how great these artists were until after they died. Degas went through many styles of art before finally settling on Realism. He went through a stage where he was painting and drawing in the Classical style. He realized that he was not really a Classicist or an Impressionist, but a Realist. Degas differed from other artists of the time in that he did not like to paint landscapes. He liked to draw and paint people goin .....

.... time Samuel got interested in guns. He would always take his father's guns apart. One year at the public picnic Samuel filled a beer keg with gun powder and put a long wick on it. Then he put it in the river and lit the fuse, then pushed it down the river. It exploded in the river in front of all the villagers. Early Years in Business Samuel's first model was of wood in 1832. In 1835 Samuel Handed in his first patent to the United States Patent Office for his revolving fire arm. Samuel's company had a very good first year. The military adopted his new revolver in 1837. As soon as the soldiers were armed with Samuel' .....

.... all racial prejudice. Dr. King uses many different but effective methods to convince the reader of his point. King uses the words from an old Negro spiritual, the famous line, "Free at last! free at last! Thank God almighty, we are free at last!" (505) This phrase serves as an exclamation point on an emotional speech that is sure to deeply move the reader. King quotes the song "America the Beautiful" stating that he wants everyone to sing it with new meaning. In his speech King comes across as a persecuted African American who wants a change for all. The voice King uses starts of as a soft but firm whisper then it graduall .....