.... and Catherine’s husband succeeded as Peter III. Erratic, unstable, and contemptuous of his Russian subjects, the new ruler soon made himself unpopular, especially with certain German officers. Led by Alexei Orlov (whose brother Grigori was Catherine’s lover) the officers staged a coup in June 1762. Peter was deposed (and subsequently murdered) and Catherine was placed on the throne in his place. Catherine was fascinated with the philosophies and theories of the Enlightenment, and was well acquainted with the literature of the French Enlightenment, which was an important influence on her own political influence. She corres .....

.... on the condition that after one year, all of Galileo’s support would be cut off and he was on his own. In the spring of 1585, Galileo skipped his final exams and left the university without a degree. He began finding work as a math tutor. In November of 1589, Galileo found a position as a professor of mathematics at the university of Pisa, the same one he had left without a degree four years before. Galileo was a brilliant teacher, but his radical ways of thinking and open criticism of Aristotle’s teachings were not acceptable to the other professors at the university. They felt that he was too radical and that his t .....

.... in nature were arranged on one continuous natural scale. According to Lamarck, once nature formed life, the arrangement of all subsequent forms of life was the result of time and environment interacting with the organization of organic beings. From the simplest forms of life, more complex forms emerged naturally. These ideas were initially presented in Lamarck's major theoretical work, Zoological Philosophy, and he elaborated on them throughout his career. His final treatment of his hypothesis was included in his multi-volume work on invertebrates. Here, Lamarck explains his scale of nature as being controlled by three biolo .....

.... was taken out of school and was sent home to help her. Poor young Isaac could not farm for his life. He abandoned the necessary chores and only thought about mechanical things to make and books to study. There are many stories about him at that time that show how forgetful he was becoming. One of the stories is about when he was once leading a horse, it ran away, and he didn’t even notice. The story says that Isaac’s horse slipped its bridle and ran away. The story then says that Isaac got home with the empty bridle, and he hadn’t even noticed that the horse had gotten away. A lot of people say that every time an idea got .....

.... as a serious candidate for supreme power. (Kort) Khrushchev had two advantages over his associates, the right to appoint his trusted followers to key positions and the right to demote those he distrusted. To succeed Khrushchev had to remove his two principal rivals. He removed Beria quickly with the help of other colleagues who feared Beria. On April 4, 1953 Beria was forced to admit that his men had fabricated the "Doctors plot" that resulted in the arrest and death of several physicians. Beria himself was secretly arrested on June 26. He was denounced as an "enemy of the people" and was charged with a number of crimes incl .....

.... aristocratic puritans) and the Maules ( humbler paupers). The story of these two families begins with Matthew Maule, who owned a certain amount of land and built himself a hut to live in, in this new puritan settlement. Maule was a hard working but obscure man, who was stubborn and protected what was his. His rival arrived at the settlement about 30 to 40 years after Maule had been there. Colonel Pyncheon, an ambicious and determined man, had a high position in the town. It was said that Colonel Pyncheon was very much for the execution of those who practiced witchcraft, and it was also said that he very strongly sought the condem .....

.... of Fitzgerald's "Winter Dreams" and Hemingway's "Indian Camp" epitomize the basic difference between their writing styles. "Winter Dreams" begins, "Some of the caddies were poor as sin and lived in one-room houses with a neurasthenic cow in the front yard, but Dexter Green's father owned the second best grocery-store in Black Bear-the best one was 'The Hub,' patronized by the wealthy people from Sherry Island-and Dexter caddied only for pocket-money" (1504). "Indian Camp" starts out, "At the lake shore there was another rowboat drawn up. The two Indians stood waiting" (15). The thoroughly descriptive four-line, one-sent .....

.... Mysterious Aviator in 1928 (Kunitz and Haycraft 1034). During this time he began to write under the Christian name Nevil Shute, because he feared that his reputation as a fiction writer would hinder his engineering career (Internet). Through the next many years, up until World War II, Nevil Shute published many more books. Shute then moved to Australia in 1949, to concentrate on his writings. During his years through both world Wars, his experiences greatly influenced his writings. His statement, ”…to write something which could make me forget that there was such a thing as war,” demonstrates how much the wars' actions .....

.... and tutoring him, because this is what she thought he needed to become a cultured gentleman. When Doyle was ten years old he left home and went to the Jesuit Preparatory school named Hodder House. This was a boarding school for young boys. Arthur hated this school. Doyle once stated that Hodder House "was a little more pleasant than being confined in a prison." While attending Hodder House, he studied chemistry, poetry, geometry, arithmetic, and grammar. After his experiences at Jesuit Preparatory school, he left and applied for Stonyhurst Academy. Doyle was accepted for enrollment into Stonyhurst and remained there for about .....

.... prejudice in South Africa, “the three pound tax on farm indentured labourers was annulled, Hindu, Muslim and Parsi marriages were declared valid; free Indians and their wives could continue to come into the country from India” (Pg. 47-48). Gandhi achieved this status for Indians in South Africa by a method called “Satyagraha” or “passive resistance”. This involved a non-violent means of refusing to co-operate with the government’s wishes, thus forcing the government to meet the demands of the resistors. This method of nonco-operation earned Gandhi a great deal of respect, world-wide acclaim and helped him .....