.... however, this circular flow can falter. People start hoarding money when times become tough; but times become tougher when everyone starts hoarding money. This breakdown results in a recession. To get the circular flow of money started again, Keynes suggested that the central bank, the Federal Reserve System, should expand the money supply. This would put more money in people's hands (through the multiplier effect), inspire consumer confidence, and compel them to start spending again. A depression, Keynes believed, is an especially severe recession in which people hoard money no matter how much the central bank tries .....

.... with truck and barge rates, or kept prices too low to make a profit. (3) Now railway companies are making deals with shippers at competitive rates allowing, once again, the railroads to be an important part of America. Since the breakup of AT&T in January 1984, almost every element of tele phoning has been open to competition. Numerous firms have been formed boasting low long-distance rates, car phone models, fiber-optic cable, and such. The complexity of customer's bills and other confusing aspects of having so many different companies are predicted to work themselves out with time. It is obvious that deregulation has a .....

.... in ways that are specific to the needs of their individual firms, encourage them to generate new ideas while familiarizing them with the company strategies, invite information sharing, and rewarding collaboration and team work. The basis on which compensation payments are determined, and the way they are administered, can significantly affect employee productivity and the achievement of organizational goals. Establishing compensation programs require both large and small organizations to consider specific goals. Employee retention, compensation distribution and adherence to the budget must be carefully weighted against t .....

.... system started in the right direction of what would be a slow recovery process. Roosevelt's next objective was to take care of the people. Though Roosevelt was a conservative, he realized the extreme need to help the poor. He had Congress respond promptly, and established the Federal Emergency Relief Administration that gave $500 million in relief to the poor people of the country. Roosevelt then went on to create organizations that would offer jobs and a sense of self-esteem to the unemployed of the country. One of these organizations was the Civilian Conservation Corps that provided young men with jobs to improved the .....

.... the car back and forth in front of Durant's house that evening, and the next morning he returned. Impressed by Marr's persistence, Durant this time agreed to go for a ride. Only then did Durant realize that Marr wasn't trying to sell him the car--he was trying to sell him the company. Durant was never one to pass up a business opportunity--he collected companies the way somebody's pack-rat uncle might collect broken lawn mowers and obscure gadgets. He borrowed a Buick for three months, tested it exhaustively, and then took over the company and set it back on its feet. Although he had no engineering experience, within three year .....

.... non-plan expenditure, it is estimated to have ballooned to 6.1% of the GDP. The rate of inflation, measured by the Whole Sale Price Index, decreased from 10.4% in 1994-95 to 5.0% in 1995-96 and has been hovering around this figure till date. Consistent with this, broad money M-3 targeted to grow by 15% to 15.5% during 1997-98, shot up to 17% in the same year. The balance of payments situation in 1997-98 remained sound. The current account deficit fell to about 1.0 % of GDP in 1996-97, reflecting mainly the slow down in industrial growth and investment and growth of net invisibles. In 1997-98, the current account deficit is expecte .....

.... price growth has lagged behind the overall stock market with in this time period and HP stated “that revenue growth was weak and reported softness in some of its business.” The buzz on Wall Street is one of enthusiasm over the planned split. Hewlett-Packard stock was up $6.37 ½ to $72.25/share in NYSE trading after the announcement. “Hewlett-Packard is considering an initial public offering for approximately 15% of the measurement company’s outstanding shares, then distribute the rest to its shareholders by the end of this year. Under the plan, the stockholders will hold shares in each company and each company will ha .....

.... indictors to predict trends in their industry. Companies must borrow money occasionally and the inflation rate determines the real cost of borrowing. Inflation and interest rates are important in economic dynamics but not bottom line measures. Two important general measures of economic welfare are unemployment and the rate of growth in real per capita national income. When growth is slow, unemployment increases. The unemployment rate has a great impact. The level of imports is driven by the combination of the protection rate and the level of unemployment. When unemployment falls people seek more goods which are likely to .....

.... the following year. In 1776, he moved to London, where he published An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), the first major work of political economy. This examined in detail the consequences of economic freedom, such as division of labor, the function of markets, and the international implications of a laissez-faire economy. Adam Smith is most remembered today for his explanation of our market system. A majority of people saw confusion when they observed economic activity in England during the middle of the 18th century. They saw everyone doing whatever they pleased and deemed necessar .....

.... while the typing is completed by another. Usually larger offices hire clerk typist. It is important that secretaries are capable of reading each others shorthand notes. Every legal secretary works with computers, duplicators, stencil machines, but the dictaphone is usually the most frequently utilized. Information must be transcribed quickly, and accurately in attractive form. Filing systems are important to any secretary. The files at any office must be maintained in perfect order, so that any file may be located promptly by any person authorized to use the files. General secretaries often work inside an organization wh .....